Also, a filter can be surgically placed in the inferior vena cava to prevent pulmonary embolisms.

也可以放置下滤器来防止肺栓塞的发生。

CT scan or MRI help diagnose ascites, cirrhosis, splenomegally or vascular alterations like inferior vena cava dilatation.

CT扫描或MRI有助于诊断腹水、肝硬化、脾肿大，或血管病变（如下扩张）。

But in some situations, an obstruction may prevent blood flow from the portal vein towards the inferior vena cava.

但有时从流到下的血流会受阻。

Got it. Wait, I-I think I can localize the bleeding. I think it's coming from the inferior vena cava.

搞定。等等，我想我可以把血止住了。我想它是从下出来的。

Ultimately, all of the blood ends up in the superior or inferior vena cava and dumps into the right atrium.

最终，所有的血液都回流至上和下，最终抵达右心房。

On the right side, the superior vena cava, ascending aorta, right ventricle, left ventricle, and inferior vena cava should all be visible.

在心脏右侧，分别是上、升主动、右心室、左心室和下。

Lastly, G is for great vessels which includes the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, ascending aorta, aortic arch, pulmonary artery, and descending aorta.

最后，G指大血管" Great vessels" ，包括了上、下、升主动、主动弓、肺动与降主动。

Once the liver processes all these substances, it sends the blood to the heart through the inferior vena cava to enter the systemic venous system.

一旦肝脏处理了所有这些物质，肝脏将血液通过下进入体系统送往心脏。

So, if you think about it, the blood that drains into the inferior vena cava has to move upward, against gravity.

所以，如果你仔细想想，流入下的血液必须向上流动，对抗重力。

Blood from the upper body returns via the superior vena cava, blood from the lower body returns via the inferior vena cava.

上半身血液通过上回流，下半身血液通过下回流。

So far, we've learned that blood returning to the heart from head to toe drains into the superior and inferior vena cava.

到目前为止，我们已经了解到，血液从头到脚流回心脏，流入上下。

Now, the lower half of the body drains into the inferior vena cava and the upper half drains into the superior vena cava both of which dump blood back into the right atrium.

然后，下半身的血液流入下，上半身的血液则流入上，由这两者将血液送回右心房。

These peritubular capillaries then reunite to become the cortical radiate veins, then the arcuate veins, then interlobar veins and finally into the left and right renal veins which connect to the inferior vena cava.

这些肾小管周围毛细血管网将重新汇聚成小叶间，然后汇聚成弓状、叶间，最终汇入左右肾；肾又与下相通。

The venae cavae has two divisions: the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava, and these divisions both return blood to the right atrium of the heart.

上和下，这些分支都将血液回流到心脏的右心房。

The inferior vena cava has a bigger area to drain, and its job is to return deoxygenated blood to the heart from all body regions below the diaphragm.

下有更大的引流面积，其作用是将脱氧血从横膈膜下的所有身体区域回流到心脏。

As the inferior vena cava passes through both abdominal and thoracic cavities, an increase in abdominal pressure together with a decrease in thoracic pressure squeeze the blood upward- toward the heart.

当下同时通过腹和胸时，腹压力增加和胸压力降低会将血液向上挤压—流向心脏。

Blood returning from tissues other than the lungs enters the heart by way of the venae cavae; the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava. The venae cavae empty into the right atrium.

当心房收缩时，右房内血液经三尖瓣进入右室。

The gold standard for determining if there is portal hypertension is obtaining a hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement where a catheter is inserted inside the inferior vena cava and then inside the portal vein to measure the difference between both pressures.

确定是否存在高压症的金标准是测量肝压力梯度，即将导管先后插入下、内测量两个压力之间的差异。

The inferior vena cava is much longer than the superior vena cava, and you could argue that it has a bigger job, because it returns blood to the heart from all body regions below the diaphragm.

下比上长得多，可以说它有更大的作用，因为它从横膈膜下的所有身体区域将血液回流到心脏。